Biography and Profile of Charles Lyell

Biography and Profile of Charles Lyell Learn more about famous geologist Charles Lyells life and his contributions to the Theory of Evolution. Early Life and Education: Born November 14, 1797 - Died February 22, 1875 Charles Lyell was born on November 14, 1797, in the Grampian Mountains near Forfarshire, Scotland. When Charles was only two years old, his parents relocated to Southampton, England near where his mothers family lived. Since Charles was the oldest of ten children in Lyell family, his father spent a lot of time helping to educate Charles in the sciences, and particularly nature. Charles spent many years in and out of expensive private schools but was said to prefer wandering and learning from his father. At the age of 19, Charles went off to Oxford to study mathematics and geology. He spent vacations from school traveling and making astute observations of geological formations. Charles Lyell graduated, with honors, with a Bachelors of Art in Classics in 1819. He continued his education and received a Masters of Art in 1821. Personal Life Instead of pursuing his love of Geology, Lyell moved to London and became a lawyer. However, his eyesight began to worsen as time went on and he eventually turned to Geology as a full-time career. In 1832, he married Mary Horner, the daughter of a colleague in the Geological Society of London. The couple had no children but instead spent their time traveling all over the world as Charles observed the Geology and wrote his field changing works. Charles Lyell was knighted and later bestowed with the title of Baronet. He was buried in Westminster Abbey. Biography Even while practicing law, Charles Lyell was actually doing more Geology than anything. His fathers wealth allowed him to travel and write instead of practicing law. He published his first scientific paper in 1825. Lyell was planning to write a book with radical new ideas for Geology. He set out to prove that all geologic processes were due to natural events rather than supernatural events. Up until his time, the formation and processes of the Earth were attributed to God or another higher being. Lyell was one of the first to propose these processes actually happened very slowly, and that the Earth was extremely ancient rather than the few thousand years old most Bible scholars purposed. Charles Lyell found his evidence when studying Mt. Etna in Italy. He returned to London in 1829 and wrote his most famous work Principles of Geology. The book included a large amount of data and very detailed explanations. He did not finish revisions on the book until 1833 after several more trips to get more data. Perhaps the most important idea to come out of Principles of Geology is Uniformitarianism. This theory states that all the natural laws of the universe that are in existence now existed at the beginning of time and all changes happened slowly over time and added up to larger changes. This was an idea that Lyell had first gotten from works by James Hutton. It was seen as the opposite of Georges Cuviers catastrophism. After finding much success with his book, Lyell headed to the United States to lecture and gather more data from the North American continent. He made many trips to the Eastern United States and Canada throughout the 1840s. The trips resulted in two new books, Travels in North America and A Second Visit to the United States in North America. Charles Darwin was greatly influenced by Lyells ideas of a slow, natural change of geological formations. Charles Lyell was an acquaintance of Captain FitzRoy, the captain of the HMS Beagle on Darwins voyages. FitzRoy gave Darwin a copy of Principles of Geology, which Darwin studied as they traveled and he collected data for his works. However, Lyell was not a firm believer in evolution. It wasnt until Darwin published On the Origin of Species that Lyell began to adopt the idea that species change over time. In 1863, Lyell wrote and published ​The Geological Evidence of the Antiquity of Man which combined Darwins Theory of Evolution through Natural Selection and his own ideas rooted in Geology. Lyells staunch Christianity was apparent in his treatment of the Theory of Evolution as a possibility, but not a certainty.

The U.S. And Great Britain Special Relationship

The U.S. And Great Britain Special Relationship The rock-solid relationship between the United States and Great Britain that President Barack Obama described during his March 2012 meetings with British Prime Minister David Cameron was, in part, forged in the fires of World Wars I and II. Despite fervent wishes to remain neutral in both conflicts, the U.S. allied with Great Britain both times. World War I World War I erupted in August 1914, the result of long-standing European imperial grievances and arms races. The United States sought neutrality in the war, having just experienced its own brush with imperialism that included the Spanish-American War, 1898, (of which Great Britain approved), and the disastrous Filipino Insurrection that soured Americans on further foreign entanglements. Nevertheless, the United States expected neutral trade rights; that is, it wanted to trade with belligerents on both sides of the war, including Great Britain and Germany. Both of those countries opposed the American policy, but while Great Britain would stop and board U.S. ships suspected of carrying goods to Germany, German submarines took the more dire action of sinking American merchant ships. After 128 Americans died when a German U-Boat sank the British luxury liner Lusitania (surreptitiously hauling weapons in its hold), U.S. President Woodrow Wilson and his Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan successfully got Germany to agree to a policy of restricted submarine warfare. Incredibly, that meant a sub had to signal a targeted ship that it was about to torpedo it so that personnel could debark the vessel. In early 1917, however, Germany renounced restricted sub warfare and returned to unrestricted sub warfare. By now, American merchants were showing an unabashed bias toward Great Britain, and the British rightly feared renewed German sub attacks would cripple their trans-Atlantic supply lines. Great Britain actively courted the United States- with its manpower and industrial might- to enter the war as an ally. When British intelligence intercepted a telegram from Germanys Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmerman to Mexico encouraging Mexico to ally with Germany and create a diversionary war on Americas southwestern border, they quickly notified Americans. The Zimmerman Telegram was genuine, although at first glance it seems like something British propagandists might fabricate to get the U.S. in the war. The telegram, combined with Germanys unrestricted sub warfare, was the tipping point for the United States. It declared war on Germany in April 1917. The U.S. enacted a Selective Service Act, and by Spring 1918 had enough soldiers in France to help England and France turn back a massive German offensive. In Fall 1918, under the command of General John J. Blackjack Pershing, American troops flanked the German lines while British and French troops held the German front in place. The Meuse-Argonne Offensive forced Germany to surrender. Treaty of Versailles Compared to France, Great Britain and the United States took moderate stances at the post-war treaty talks in Versailles, France. France, having survived two German invasions in the last 50 years, wanted severe punishments for Germany, including the signing of a war guilt clause and the payment of onerous reparations. The U.S. and Britain were not so adamant about the reparations, and the U.S. loaned money to Germany in the 1920s to help with its debt. However, the U.S. and Great Britain did not agree on everything. President Wilson forwarded his optimistic Fourteen Points as a blueprint for post-war Europe. The plan included an end to imperialism and secret treaties; national self-determination for all countries; and a global organization- the League of Nations- to mediate disputes. Great Britain could not accept Wilsons anti-imperialist aims, but it did accept the League, which Americans- fearing more international involvement- did not. Washington Naval Conference In 1921 and 1922, the U.S. and Great Britain sponsored the first of several naval conferences designed to give them dominance in total tonnage of battleships. The conference also sought to limit a Japanese naval buildup. The conference resulted in a ratio of 5:5:3:1.75:1.75. For every five tons the U.S. and British had in battleship displacement, Japan could have only three tons, and France and Italy could each have 1.75 tons. The agreement fell apart in the 1930s when militaristic Japan and fascist Italy disregarded it, even though Great Britain tried to extend the pact. World War II When England and France declared war on Germany after its invasion of Poland on September 1, 1939, the United States again tried to remain neutral. When Germany defeated France, then attacked England in the summer of 1940, the resulting Battle of Britain shook the United States out of its isolationism. The United States began a military draft and started building new military equipment. It also began arming merchant ships to carry goods through the hostile North Atlantic to England (a practice it had abandoned with the policy of Cash and Carry in 1937); traded World War I-era naval destroyers to England in exchange for naval bases, and began the Lend-Lease program. Through Lend-Lease the United States became what President Franklin D. Roosevelt called the arsenal of democracy, making and supplying materiel of war to Great Britain and others fighting Axis powers. During World War II, Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill held several personal conferences. They met first off the coast of Newfoundland aboard a navy destroyer in August 1941. There they issued the Atlantic Charter, an agreement in which they outlined the goals of the war. Of course, the U.S. was not officially in the war, but tacitly FDR pledged to do all he could for England short of formal war. When the U.S. officially joined the war after Japan attacked its Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, Churchill went to Washington where he spent the holiday season. He talked strategy with FDR in the Arcadia Conference, and he addressed a joint session of the U.S. Congress- a rare event for a foreign diplomat. During the war, FDR and Churchill met at the Casablanca Conference in North Africa in early 1943 where they announced the Allied policy of unconditional surrender of Axis forces. In 1944 they met at Tehran, Iran, with Josef Stalin, leader of the Soviet Union. There they discussed war strategy and the opening of a second military front in France. In January 1945, with the war winding down, they met at Yalta on the Black Sea where, again with Stalin, they talked about post-war policies and the creation of the United Nations. During the war, the U.S. and Great Britain cooperated in the invasions of North Africa, Sicily, Italy, France and Germany, and several islands and naval campaigns in the Pacific. At the wars end, as per an agreement at Yalta, the United States and Britain split the occupation of Germany with France and the Soviet Union. Throughout the war, Great Britain acknowledged that the United States had surpassed it as the worlds top power by accepting a command hierarchy that put Americans in supreme command positions in all major theaters of the war.

Analyzing media used by presidential campaigns Term Paper

Analyzing media used by presidential campaigns - Term Paper Example Even with this, many critics often oversee the main underlying issues of any political campaign but, they target the appearances and characters of the politicians and the way the political ads are advertised. They claim that bad advertisement is the sole factor which demeans all the major issues that surround a political campaign. It is also said that the way a campaign is aired on television by the media has made a political event into a popularity contests and has the result of candidates becoming slaves to the voter's opinions and not its leaders. Advertising in all aspects is covered up by a one-liner which says that "the advertiser's product is a lot better and workable for the viewer as the competitor's products". To make a decision for or against this claim is up to how the viewer as to how they perceive it. It may not important what a certain person decides to buy for dinner after seeing the ads. But what that person, as a voter decides to vote may have huge far-reaching and consequential effects. "Advertisements are more important than debates and speeches in political campaigns" (Just, 1990). With the help of media, the general public becomes aware of the how’s, what’s, when’s, where, which ones, and whys of the political scenario of any political campaign. A sensible use of media can be used to teach the voter-of-tomorrow, to decide how, when and why to vote a certain politician appearing on the media screen. Humans are highly judgmental by nature, so it is very important as to how a politician is portrayed on the media, especially with regard to someone who is seeing the politician for the first time. As the saying goes "first impression is the last impression". The voter's and the public in general will decide if they want to vote for a certain politician in the first 20 seconds of seeing an advertisement of a political campaign. According to the U.S. the presidential race between ford and carter indicates the fact that carter' s image clearly shaped a better picture in their minds (1976). The reaction to ford's image played a major role (Oshagan, 1988). Media and candidate's use of media has very strong impressions on those who are about to make their decisions about voting for one candidate or the other (research on the Australian Elections). people who decide upon who they will vote, before a campaign starts are not moved by any forms of media campaigns as are those who have not yet decided. They are very much likely to be moved by the campaigns and are thus the main focus of any political media campaigns. These voters are referred to as the "undecided voters" and they more often than not refer to the media for information about all candidates and that too very near the elections so that they have a clear view of what is and what is not. The debate between the US presidential candidates, Nixon and Kennedy is often quoted in history as a very good example of a typical media political campaign. It is also claimed that the way both of them appeared on television and the personae they exuded was a big reason for Kennedy's ultimate victory in the end. Although here some people also debate over fact that the way the media portrayed the two candidates was perhaps not that justified in their losing or winning. (Vancil and Pendell, 1987). Even the debates over the presidential

Microeconomices Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Microeconomices - Term Paper Example f individuals, firms, and industries in terms of producing and consuming of economic goods and services, the concept of cost is relevant as it affects microeconomic activities of the units concerned. For consumers and individuals who are not familiar with the concepts of costs, one might have the tendency to discard this as irrelevant and immaterial. However, close examination of these underlying theories would enlighten consumers on their effects on prices and quantities of goods which are normally offered to the public. It is therefore the objective of this essay to present relevant concepts, theories and applications concerning costs in microeconomics. The costs to be discussed range from opportunity cost, production costs, marginal cost, cost of externalities, the law of diminishing returns and economies of scale. It is interesting to note that in economics, all costs are considered opportunity costs. As rationalized by Petroff (par. 2), â€Å"anytime a resource is used for any purpose, it implies that some other good cannot be produced with that quantity of the resource, that some other resource is not used for the given production instead, and that revenues from other production are foregone. Thus, costs are either explicit cost for the resource used or implicit costs from alternative use of the resource.† To use a practical application, for a consumer who decided to buy a television set, the opportunity cost could be the value of a trip to a nearby beach resort which was not taken due to the purchase. Productions costs are normally related to firms or business enterprises engaged in manufacturing or producing goods for sale to the public. The concept of productions costs are not only discussed in microeconomics but more so in accounting or finance. Production managers are tasked with monitoring the costs of raw materials as well as labor and overhead costs to maximize profits. These costs could be classified as fixed, variable and total costs. Petroff

Indoor Tanning Versus Outdoor Tanning Essay Example for Free

Indoor Tanning Versus Outdoor Tanning Essay Tanning in itself can mean several things, one being an activity which utilizes animal skins by making it to useful things, which improves the lifestyle of human beings. Tanning can also mean an activity in which one takes in leisure time to tan his or her body or rather it seems to look like an activity that is physical exercise in nature, as we are going to discuss later in our discussion. Some may even tan to make their skin darker and attractive. This means that, tanning has so many dimensions and those doing it may have different goals of their own to get from it. Everybody likes to vacate the usual daily tiring duties and longs for whether he or she can seek time to relax his or her body and mind for other beneficial activities. There are so many activities that one can take to relax and benefit but depending on what makes one comfortable and at the last minute what they gain and get satisfied. Some people would choose watching movies, playing physical games or video games and other leisure activities. Tanning in itself involves keeping your body skin under sun rays while applying devices to gain something. It can be done in two ways; indoor and outdoor. Under indoor one remains within ones protective premises and uses the indoor devices available for tanning. Sometimes indoor tanning is not advisable as it is risky and can lead to negative effects as will be outlined below. This does not mean outdoor is the best. However it has very many advantages. Outdoor involves going out for example touring other countries or even going to leisure places such as beaches and utilize the tanning facilities available for a proper achievement of ones tanning goal. To start with, indoor tanning creates a big risk to those who do it since it has an ability of causing melanoma the most serious skin cancer in the world. This is most prone when one uses indoor tanning devices in the wrong way. Take for example; a person who uses an indoor tanning bed, raises their probability of developing melanoma to above 74 percent. Though the use of the bed as a device bears the highest chances, it is worth noting that it does not mean the others are the best. Note that the higher the number of frequency of use, the higher the probability of inheriting the cancer. The cancer mainly does not have a target group and all the groups of people either children or adults-young and old face equal dangers. The number of cases of this has been on the increase in the United Kingdom and the drug sector is even discouraging the practice of tanning indoors. Though there have been various methods of indoor tanning like the use of UVB and the use of UVA, research shows that neither method is safe (Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention). More so, it is important for members of the family to gain enough information on how to carry out indoor tanning because, though devices used carry risks, a recent research shows that there are better ways to use them and that can reduce the risks (American Training Institute). Take for example; the use indoor tanning lotions, which provides clients with more beneficial results and therefore improves indoor tanning. The research verifies this (American Training Institute). However it is worth to note that, the results are the best if the lotion is used in a combination of a professional tanning device. But it does not mean that indoor tanning carries the entire side of negatives. In comparison with the outdoor tanning, indoor has a privilege in that, it provides control and one feels comfortable and this creates experience. This is because of the absence of protocols and regulations to govern somebody compared to outdoor. However, some governmental organizations in some countries are trying to introduce control measures on this. Outdoor is what majority of the world population rely on. Many of them visit the beach for tanning. A normal exposure to the sun during outdoor tanning will never give any good results. It is therefore advisable to try and learn the dos and the don’ts of outdoor tanning. Outdoor utilizes different devices from the indoor ones. Some people may happen to buy products to use during their outdoor tanning and at sometime after their tanning they harm them or even cause harmful reaction over their bodies. The difference may be caused by the change in environment for instance the sun rays or even allergic reactions. This adds to the fact that protective measures should be taken into consideration for one to get excellent results after outdoor tanning. When basking on the sun one needs to consume a lot of water to avoid dehydration of the skin, since during this time a lot of it is being lost in the atmosphere unlike in indoor where there are not sun rays. Dryness of the skin results to a rough and a cracked skin, which might be a problem and unwanted to everyone who visits the beach for tanning. It is evident that, under indoor one realizes that it is possible to tan any time. Outdoor has a limitation in that at times, it is not good to bask in the sun during some hours like between 11. 00 a. m. and 2. 00 pm (Angela para. 3). This is when the sun is burning to its maximum. Otherwise one will need to take a lot of water and wear a better sun lotion. It is also good to avoid drinks which might be alcoholic as this will only lead to speeding up the dehydration process. In conclusion, any of them can be better for anybody and its better for one to consider the repercussions and the benefits of whatever choice. Indoor tanning exposes one to very dangerous effects and a lot of knowledge is required before one runs to it. Changing from one to the other is what seems to bring the very best results as limiting oneself to any of them is harmful. In most cases the indoor tanning should be done very carefully. Knowledge of what to do and not is portrayed as the key factor to get the best results. Neither of them is better than the other since, whether indoor or outdoor, the outcome will be the same (Indoor tanning versus outdoor tanning). It is is important to be aware that outdoor sometimes is not reliable since one can get sunburns instead of what he or she wanted. Indoor wins an advantage here since there is the control of the sun rays. It is also important to have the knowledge of your skin, in order to be able to choose the better of the two.

View on History :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When studying a subject such as American history one can easily define the importance it has in schools. Not only is it an amazingly interesting subject, it also outlines our future. History easily aids in predicting the future, and most importantly, allows us to look at the past 100 or so years, as a whole and not year by year. This is an advantage in learning our mistakes and making sure history doesn't repreat itself. American history is very important in schools because it shows students what life was like where we live only a few generations ago. It helps me to understand what it was like for my grandpa growing up, and depending on the source can change my opinion on a certain subject entirely. On example of this is the J.F.K. assasination, before taking this class my opinion on the assasination was completely different. I believed strongly in Oswald's guilt, but after taking a bit of a history lesson, I have leaned my opinion more toward governmental involv ement.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another great thing about history is how it can show a change in opinion by the United States public over time. One example of this is during the Vietnam War people in the United States due to ignorance, had no idea what our soldiers were going through, therefore the public opinion of an American soldier was bad. On the other hand now that time has passed, more people's eyes are opened to the hardships and innerchanges that a war such as Vietnam could cause. History shows this change in opinion very adequately.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To me, things don't change, people do. History is a third person look at the way the people who were in charge at the time, ran our country. To me each president ran the country differently than the next. History allows me to look back at exactly the way things were when each president was in office.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One disadventage history allows for, is the fact that history can be slanted by the reporter of the news. For example, four eyewitnesses to an occurance could have seen four different things. The reason this is such an amazing disadvantage is because this allows for bias in something that should be completely unbiased; a history book. So in all honesty I think this small factor could change any account of history, however as long as the main idea isn't lost, history is still one of the most imporatant tools to a human being.

I Had a Job I Liked Once by Guy Vanderhaeghe Essay

Guy Vanderhaegh takes us back a few decades in the retelling of a court case in small town, Saskatchewan in the play, â€Å"I Had a Job I liked. Once. † Using elements of style, staging and developing characters throughout the play Vanderhaegh portrays to the audience the theme of the biases and prejudices that come with living in a small town. The story is set in small town Saskatchewan in a police station office, on the night of August of 1957. Corporal Heasman has brought in Les Grant on the account of accused rape Tracy Tolbertson, and the play follows the questioning of Sergeant Finestad to Les, who retells his involvement with Tracy, the daughter of Mr. Tolbertson, the local crown attorney. The story has many sub conflicts; the tension between Finestad and Tolbertson being a main one. Tolbertson wants his daughter’s accused rapist behind bars, but Finestad wants to get the whole story instead of just listening to Tolbertson. Then there is the conflict of Finestad with himself; for years he has followed the law and stuck to the book, but in this case he is having a hard time sticking to the black and white because he feels that there is more to the story. All these sub conflicts underlie to the main conflict of the prejudices and biases that come from living in a small town, and the difficulties that come with dealing with that. These conflicts all lead up to the climax where Finestand goes against Tolbertson and against the prejudices of the town and lets Les Grant go, without charging him. Vanderhaegh does a very good job of developing the characters in this play. We are first introduced to Sergeant Finestad who has a very strong character-he likes being charged and doesn’t do well with being told what to do. Finestad undergoes a very big character change through the course of this play. At the beginning, Finestad is very strict to the law, strict to the rules. As he says to Heasman before Les is brought in to be questioned, â€Å"Nothing about police work is personal. We follow the law, Tom. We’re the keepers of the rules. If we don’t keep them, what right do we have to enforce them? † This comes after he writes on the chalk board in big bold letters â€Å"NOT PERSONAL†. Through questioning Les Grant and learning his story, we see him change at the end where he lets Les go, not charging him and saying, â€Å"something broke down tonight, Tom. Either the book, or me. † He realized that he couldn’t charge Les just based on what it says in the book. The other character who undergoes change in the story is Les. Les comes from a very rough family, and has had some challenges throughout his life, but he has stayed a good, hardworking kid. He now works at the town swimming pool in the pump room, which is where he is changed. At the pool Les is bullied very badly- every day when he gets to work there is something new written about him or his mother on the bathroom walls, which he has to clean up. He puts up with this for so long until he finally can’t do it anymore and snaps, which is when he allegedly raped Tracy. Les is then judged because of his family background, and almost found guilty just based on the prejudices against him. There are other characters that help to contribute to the conflict as well. Corporal Heasman who works with Finestad is constantly against him, wanting Les to be charged to make Mr. Tolbertson happy. Mr. Tolbertson, as Finestad describes him, â€Å"likes to win, so the rules get ignored or ben. The law’s a game. † He doesn’t bother with protocol, but is just used to getting what he wants, in this case being Les being charged. He is a hard nut who always gets his way and orders everyone around, especially his wife and Tracy. Because of this, Tracy rebels and brings out her anger making other people feel bad, such as Les Grant. All these characters come together into forming the main conflict. Guy Vanderhaeghe broaches a theme that can be very relatable to people growing up in small towns. After Finestad releases Les Grant, he explains to Heasman the reason. He recalls a poem from his grade three teacher that has the lines â€Å"Tyger! Tyger! Burning bright/In the forests of the night. † He always asks himself, â€Å"Who made the tiger? Who made the tiger? † He then goes on to say, â€Å"Who made Les Grant? They did. And who made that girl? More of the same. Poor, sorry, fucked up tigers. And you and me-we’re supposed to play tiger tamer. After they’ve used their teeth. I might have been up to the game-once, but all of a sudden it seems too complicated for rules-for me. † This is where the main theme of small town prejudices is revealed, and how there’s more to people that what meets the eye. Society judges people based on their first impressions of what they see and what they’ve heard about them. The question â€Å"Who made the tiger? † refers to the events and families in people’s past that shape who that young person becomes. Tracy’s dad was very strict and hard on her, which makes her rebel, leading her to writing the cruel things about Les on the wall. Les has had to deal with his rough family life growing up which automatically causes people to judge him. Heasman describes them as a â€Å"Bad bunch, the Grants. † Les has also been bullied for such a long time that it causes him to act out. He is good kid, but all these outside influences came into making him make a bad decision. As he explained to Finestad, â€Å"Taking it from them for as long as I remember, that gave me the right. † He believed that he had the right to do that to Tracy because he has had so many things happen to him in the past. This play deals with the prejudices society has against people and how that shapes them into who they are. Guy Vanderhaegh’s use of styling really emphasizes many things in the play, whether it be through the use of different language, symbolism or repetition. Finestad’s injured back is one symbol of his relationship with Les. When Finestad hurts his back, he asks for Les to help him and says, â€Å"Don’t let them see me like this. Please don’t give me away. † He is humiliated and Les helps him, keeping his promise. At the end of the story, the tables are turned and Les is now the one who needs help. Les is asking Finestad to not lay a charge. He says, â€Å"Don’t’ give me away to them. That’s what you asked when your back went out. That’s what you asked me. † His back symbolizes the debt he owed to Les. The Tiger in Finestad’s poem also symbolizes Les Grant and Tracy Tolbertson, who had many things contributing into making who they are and resulting in the actions they did. Vanderhaegh also uses Tolbertson’s appearances as a way to contribute to the rising action of the play, leading right up to the climax. At first Tolbertson is just mentioned when Heasman and Finestad are talking about them, then he calls and Finestad ignores him, and finally he shows up trying to threaten Finestad. In all three â€Å"appearances†, Finestad put Mr. Tolbertson down leading right up to the climax where he completely opposes Mr. Tolbertson and does not charge Les. The repetition of acknowledging the statute book also emphasizes Finestad’s character change. He went from following it’s  every word to forgetting about it and going against it at the end. The staging also helps in contributing to creating the mood of the play. The whole play takes place in the one office at the police station with no scene change. This set is very basic, which makes you focus on the characters and their actions instead of their surroundings. The lighting used helps to create the atmosphere for the memories Les has, such as it creating a â€Å"lattice-work effect to suggest a grill† at the pool, or the dimming of the lights suggesting a soft summer night on the day Les picks up Tracy. Instead of scene changes, characters enter and exit the scene giving the impression of a new location. Even in memories, Tracy actually enters the office as Les is describing the memory so as to give the audience a better understanding of what happened. The use of different sounds, such as splashing at a swimming pool or music in a car helps create the atmosphere as well. At the end of scenes, the characters do not leave, rather the lights blackout. The scene is different, but they are still in the same place. This gives you a sense of mood change to the scene. Finestad never leaves the office until the very end of the play, where he turns the office light off, walks out and the curtain comes down, giving you the sense of finality. Many things have to come together in a play to get the main message across. With Guy Vanderhaegh’s effective use of styling, staging and character building he efficiently gets across to the audience the idea that with small towns come prejudices and biases, and that before making judgments you need to understand a person’s background and circumstances to get the whole story. â€Å"I Had a Job I Liked. Once. † is an interesting play with a good message to take home.

Curley’s Wife Essay

The character of Curley’s Wife is one of the most significant characters in the book as she is linked to the key themes of loneliness and dreams, which ultimately leads to both her death and Lennie’s death. Steinbeck uses the character of Curley’s Wife as a microcosm for the prejudice that faced all women in 1930’s America. Like most of the main characters in the novel, Curley’s wife is significantly related to the theme of dreams. Her role in this theme is slightly more important than others, however, because of her position as the only female character on the farm. The fact that she is the only woman makes her opinions and actions representative of all women living in the Great American Depression. â€Å"Coulda been in the movies, an’ had nice clothes- all them nice clothes like they wear. An’ I coulda sat in them big hotels, an’ had pitchers took of me. † Here, we see how Curley’s Wife, despite not having a name, has dreams and still relies on those dreams as a way of escaping the loneliness in the farm. Curley’s Wife is a stereotype of many other women in 1930’s America who turned to men as a result of failed dreams, and chose to take the easy route rather than be crushed by America’s cruel judgement of women. Curley’s Wife is very significant to the ending of the novel as her death is the downfall of George, Lennie and Candy’s united dream. Without this death, George, Lennie and Candy may still have gone on to live their shared dream, but because of it George had to kill Lennie. The significance of Curley’s Wife is ironically also shown threw the insignificance with which the workers in the novel treat her. Within her very first introduction, Steinbeck offers a glimpse of her role as the promiscuous troublemaker and the way in which the other characters respond to this. George, in particular, illustrates how others judge or misconceive her solely because of her gender; †Jesus what a tramp, so that’s what Curley picks for a wife†. Here, Steinbeck uses George to represent the male population of America and their attitude to women in the 1930’s. The character of Curley’s Wife is particularly significant in this microcosm as she conveys the insignificance of women and their reliance on men to just ‘pick’ and drop them on their own accord. The disregard with which Curley’s Wife is treated continues through to the very lowest positions in the farm’s hierarchy. Despite being the daughter-in-law of the boss, Curley’s Wife still suffers abuse from George, Candy and even Lennie who often refer to her as â€Å"jail-bait† and a â€Å"tart†. These derogatory statements illustrate how Curley’s Wife is made to feel worthless solely because of her gender. Curley’s Wife is significant as she presents the backward attitude of most men in 1930’s America who were scared to treat women with respect for fear of evoking conflict and losing their job, something so hard to come by in the harsh economic times. Steinbeck uses the character of Curley’s Wife to convey her dysfunctional marriage, something that was common in 1930’s America. Curley disrespects his wife and she is constantly the source of his objectification. This is most evident through her name ‘Curley’s Wife’ which clearly conveys the hold and possessive nature that Curley has over her. Steinbeck’s use of withholding information here, also suggests that she is not deserving of her own name and highlights her inferior position on the farm. â€Å"I don’t like Curley. He ain’t a nice fella. † Here Steinbeck shows how Curley’s Wife did not marry for love and demonstrates a common situation in America where women often used their sexuality to get them married for stabilisation during the Great Depression. Curley’s Wife is also a symbol of the mistreatment of women. â€Å"Curley says he’s keeping that hand soft for his wife†. Here, we see how the other characters on the farm regard Curley’s wife as a mere sex object solely because of her gender and her dependency on her husband. This serves as a microcosm for 1930’s America, as the general consensus was that the sole purpose of women was to meet the needs of their husbands. A final way in which Curley’s Wife is significant in the novel is through her link to the theme of loneliness. Curley’s Wife is one of the loneliest characters in the novel, which is overlooked at first but becomes more apparent as the novel continues. â€Å"Why can’t I talk to you? I never get to talk to nobody. I get awful lonely. † Curley’s Wife is constantly rejected by her husband and to combat this she tries her best to attract the attention of the workers. She does this by going to extremes with her physical appearance; â€Å"She had full, rouged lips and wide-spaced eyes, heavily made up. † This shows her desperation to be noticed, which is understandable given the cruel judgement and disregard with which she and many other American women were faced. The loneliness of Curley’s Wife and her child-like search for attention was eventually the death of her. In her happiness at being noticed for once, Curley’s Wife misjudged Lennie’s capabilities, which was what ultimately led to her inevitable death. Curley’s Wife represents the lonely people in America and in the world whose cry for attention turns out to be their downfall. In conclusion Curley’s Wife is extremely significant to the novel and serves as a symbol for prejudice and objectification in 1930’s America. With the help of this character Steinbeck can clearly illustrate some of the novels key themes of loneliness, dreams and relationships from the perspective of the only woman in this novel.

Curley’s Wife Essay

The character of Curley’s Wife is one of the most significant characters in the book as she is linked to the key themes of loneliness and dreams, which ultimately leads to both her death and Lennie’s death. Steinbeck uses the character of Curley’s Wife as a microcosm for the prejudice that faced all women in 1930’s America. Like most of the main characters in the novel, Curley’s wife is significantly related to the theme of dreams. Her role in this theme is slightly more important than others, however, because of her position as the only female character on the farm. The fact that she is the only woman makes her opinions and actions representative of all women living in the Great American Depression. â€Å"Coulda been in the movies, an’ had nice clothes- all them nice clothes like they wear. An’ I coulda sat in them big hotels, an’ had pitchers took of me. † Here, we see how Curley’s Wife, despite not having a name, has dreams and still relies on those dreams as a way of escaping the loneliness in the farm. Curley’s Wife is a stereotype of many other women in 1930’s America who turned to men as a result of failed dreams, and chose to take the easy route rather than be crushed by America’s cruel judgement of women. Curley’s Wife is very significant to the ending of the novel as her death is the downfall of George, Lennie and Candy’s united dream. Without this death, George, Lennie and Candy may still have gone on to live their shared dream, but because of it George had to kill Lennie. The significance of Curley’s Wife is ironically also shown threw the insignificance with which the workers in the novel treat her. Within her very first introduction, Steinbeck offers a glimpse of her role as the promiscuous troublemaker and the way in which the other characters respond to this. George, in particular, illustrates how others judge or misconceive her solely because of her gender; †Jesus what a tramp, so that’s what Curley picks for a wife†. Here, Steinbeck uses George to represent the male population of America and their attitude to women in the 1930’s. The character of Curley’s Wife is particularly significant in this microcosm as she conveys the insignificance of women and their reliance on men to just ‘pick’ and drop them on their own accord. The disregard with which Curley’s Wife is treated continues through to the very lowest positions in the farm’s hierarchy. Despite being the daughter-in-law of the boss, Curley’s Wife still suffers abuse from George, Candy and even Lennie who often refer to her as â€Å"jail-bait† and a â€Å"tart†. These derogatory statements illustrate how Curley’s Wife is made to feel worthless solely because of her gender. Curley’s Wife is significant as she presents the backward attitude of most men in 1930’s America who were scared to treat women with respect for fear of evoking conflict and losing their job, something so hard to come by in the harsh economic times. Steinbeck uses the character of Curley’s Wife to convey her dysfunctional marriage, something that was common in 1930’s America. Curley disrespects his wife and she is constantly the source of his objectification. This is most evident through her name ‘Curley’s Wife’ which clearly conveys the hold and possessive nature that Curley has over her. Steinbeck’s use of withholding information here, also suggests that she is not deserving of her own name and highlights her inferior position on the farm. â€Å"I don’t like Curley. He ain’t a nice fella. † Here Steinbeck shows how Curley’s Wife did not marry for love and demonstrates a common situation in America where women often used their sexuality to get them married for stabilisation during the Great Depression. Curley’s Wife is also a symbol of the mistreatment of women. â€Å"Curley says he’s keeping that hand soft for his wife†. Here, we see how the other characters on the farm regard Curley’s wife as a mere sex object solely because of her gender and her dependency on her husband. This serves as a microcosm for 1930’s America, as the general consensus was that the sole purpose of women was to meet the needs of their husbands. A final way in which Curley’s Wife is significant in the novel is through her link to the theme of loneliness. Curley’s Wife is one of the loneliest characters in the novel, which is overlooked at first but becomes more apparent as the novel continues. â€Å"Why can’t I talk to you? I never get to talk to nobody. I get awful lonely. † Curley’s Wife is constantly rejected by her husband and to combat this she tries her best to attract the attention of the workers. She does this by going to extremes with her physical appearance; â€Å"She had full, rouged lips and wide-spaced eyes, heavily made up. † This shows her desperation to be noticed, which is understandable given the cruel judgement and disregard with which she and many other American women were faced. The loneliness of Curley’s Wife and her child-like search for attention was eventually the death of her. In her happiness at being noticed for once, Curley’s Wife misjudged Lennie’s capabilities, which was what ultimately led to her inevitable death. Curley’s Wife represents the lonely people in America and in the world whose cry for attention turns out to be their downfall. In conclusion Curley’s Wife is extremely significant to the novel and serves as a symbol for prejudice and objectification in 1930’s America. With the help of this character Steinbeck can clearly illustrate some of the novels key themes of loneliness, dreams and relationships from the perspective of the only woman in this novel.

Character Essay On Eliza, Pygmalion

Character Essay On Eliza, Pygmalion A Character Essay on Eliza: Pygmalion The story of Pygmalion is based on a classical myth, and Bernard Shaw's Pygmalion plays on the complicated relationships in a social setting. Professor Henry Higgins takes Eliza Doolittle to teach her the art of phonetics and to refine her manners. Eliza was, at first a poor flower girl, but by the end of the play, is transformed so much, she is even mistaken for a duchess. It is obvious throughout the play that Eliza is changing in many aspects; the most obvious being her diction, for this is what the play is based on.In Act 1, Eliza is simply a poor flower girl who just happens to meet the phonetics professors, who decide to take her under their wings, to transform her as part of a bet between friends. Eliza is a very poorly spoken girl in Act 1, and Shaw uses the method of her pronunciation to spell the words she speaks.English: Anglo-Irish playwright George Bernard Sha...She also appeared very rude in front of the public. She said to The Moth er "‹ÂÅ"Ow, eez ya san, is e? Wal, fewd dan y'dooty"Â ¦' It was not right for a young girl to question a mother's ability to look after her children. She said to Higgins "‹ÂÅ"You ought to be stuffed with nails' this was a particularly rude thing to say to a stranger. She also interrupted people-particularly Higgins "‹ÂÅ"Let him mind his own business and leave a poor girl-' Females were still seen as the lesser sex, and a poor girl should not have interrupted a well-respected man. Eliza was far inferior to Higgins, in almost every way possible, this means Eliza should show respect for Higgins, and certainly not be rude to him.Eliza clearly had no money, and used any method possible to earn some...

The Email Copywriting Process You Need to Get More Conversions

The Email Copywriting Process You Need to Get More Conversions You’ve probably heard email marketing gets 4,000% ROI. It might not be exact, but it gets repeated to drive home a very real point. Email converts at an extremely high rate. But, what if your own email efforts aren’t generating that kind of return? You might be wondering what you’re doing wrong. Or, whether the talk around email is all hype and no substance. Either way, you need to do something. Fast. Your business literally depends on it. Sharpening your email copywriting skills is part of solving that equation. Writing high-converting emails that get clicked is an art and a craft. Even if you’re decent at it, there’s always room to improve. And without well-written copy, you’ll struggle to keep your list engaged, and convince them to switch from passively consuming content, to becoming loyal paid customers. Fortunately, that means you wield a lot of power as a marketing email writer. What matters next, though, is how well you can execute consistently to convert leads into cash. The Email Copywriting Process You Need to Get More Conversions via @First, Get Organized With Free Email Copywriting + Calendar Templates Email copywriting is challenging. But, doing your best work becomes easier when you’re organized. So, plan ahead and keep copy projects straight with: A free email calendar template (Excel). Map out every email send ahead of time. An email newsletter template (Word). Need to write copy for a designer or developer to turn into a finished newsletter? Give them all the info they need to get it right. A call to action template (PDF). Get good at converting customers with the power of words. Download all three for free, and then follow this process to sharpen your copy skills.I'm writing better #email #marketing copy with these free templates from @:†¦ Or Organize Email Marketing With has long been an industry-leading marketing management platform for planning and executing marketing projects with teams. And now, it integrates with your favorite email marketing platforms, too. With Email Marketing from , you can: Seamlessly integrate with your *favorite* email marketing platform. integrates with MailChimp, Campaign Monitor, Constant Contact, and Active Campaign. Write click-worthy email subject lines...every time. With Email Marketing, you can use ’s *exclusive* Email Subject Line Tester to optimize and perfect every subject line to drive more opens, more clicks, and more conversions. Get full visibility into your ENTIRE marketing strategy. Manage your entire email copywriting workflow in one place (along with all your other marketing projects and campaigns). And when it’s this easy to manage + optimize your already-powerful email marketing strategy†¦ †¦ you can spend less time getting organized, and more time crafting creative copy. Did you know @integrates with popular email platforms like @MailChimp and...Why is Email Copywriting Important? If you’re here, you know email marketing matters. Or, at the very least, you’ve been tasked with writing email copy. Why exactly is it important, though? Start by taking a look at these statistics: Check out these 15 #email marketing stats you might not have known:What Does Good Email Copywriting Look Like? It’s easier to emulate success when you have good examples to follow. Here are some samples of effective and well-written emails to inspire your own. MarketingProfs Here’s a simple example from a snippet of an email newsletter from MarketingProfs: In the top content block, the headline establishes a clear benefit (ranking first in Google) even if you’re facing a problem (you don’t own the top spot for a given keyword). Not only does this promise to teach you something valuable, but it creates intrigue. How exactly can one rank first †¦ if you don’t have the top search result? It then leads the reader to the answer: â€Å"featured snippets.† (This is legitimately great advice, too). Best of all, if you click to read the article, you’ll learn exactly what featured snippets are, and how you can earn more of them to help your company’s site rank. It also manages to inform the reader of all these things using an efficient number of words. Here's an example of great email copy from @MarketingProfsBitdefender Now, quality copywriting doesn’t need to reinvent the wheel. This simple offer email from Bitdefender opens with a strong benefit (keeping all devices safe, everywhere), then piles on more clear benefits. It all leads toward a single CTA, and a compelling offer to buy now before the offer expires. This is simple stuff, but it works. Threadless This example from custom clothing brand Threadless creatively connects its subhead to an actual interior decorating challenge: making the most of limited space. Notice that it never once references a product or an offer. Instead, it uses the image to show off a well-decorated space (incidentally, with products they sell). Then, they promise to show you how to improve your home decor, even if you don’t have much room to work with. Here's an example of great email copy from @threadlessAdobe Similarly, this example from Adobe highlights a common problem, and promises to deliver a solution. Simple, and to the point. Here's an example of great email copy from @AdobeJoanna Wiebe / Copyhackers When it comes to copywriting, Joanna Wiebe is one of the best in the business. Get on the Copyhackers email list now  and enjoy a steady stream of excellent examples in your inbox. Here’s one well-written plain text email. Here’s what this email does well: It starts with a stance (all writing is copy). Acknowledges potential for disagreement. Leads the reader through a detailed and compelling explanation with relatable  examples. Lists things the reader could be doing better (writing all different types of copy). Then, promises to show the reader how to improve. This email also maintains a conversational tone all the way through, which is extra important for plain text emails (especially is your name is synonymous with your brand- people want to feel like they’re reading something written by a human, not a company, in such a case). Here's a great example of well-written email copy from @copyhackersCopywriting 101: Give It Some Feeling So, like Joanna implies in the previous example, copywriting is copywriting. Sure, the mechanics of how you write for different channels may change. Email is certainly no exception there (or else this post wouldn’t be written). But, many of the fundamentals of writing copy remain consistent, no matter the medium. With that in mind, let’s cover some of the basics. Following these simple tips will get you far. Know Your Audience Make zero assumptions about who you’re writing for. Even if you, as an individual, are similar to your target market, it’s best to lean on research and learn as much about your audience as possible. Some basic things you should know: Age range. Gender mix. Geographic location. Job title. Hobbies and interests. Pain points. Don’t have personas? Create some. Learn how here: How to Find Your Target Audience With a Marketing Persona Spark Your User Persona to Life With These 9 Important Tools Know Your Product If you’re not an expert on the product you’re selling outside of work (say, you’re selling musical instruments, but you don’t play one), then learn as much as you can. Here’s how: Read what your audience reads. Whether that means blogs, magazines, research reports, or whatever, read it all. Learn how your target audience talks, thinks, and sounds. Talk to someone internally who knows your products. That could mean an engineer, product designer, head of marketing, whoever in your organization knows the history and value of your products the most. Try using your own products. This might be tough depending on your situation. But, let’s say you sell musical instruments, but can’t hold a tune to save your life. At the very least you could try holding some instruments, make some noise, and see what they actually look and feel like. That’ll help immensely when it comes to writing email copy about them. Identify Pain Points Customers buy stuff to fix problems. Your job, intrepid email copywriter, is to know those pain points, and offer a solution. Some common pain points might include: Difficulty doing a task because existing solutions are sub-par. Inability to get something done because the customer doesn’t own any product or solution at all (yet). Outdated or worn out products are holding them back. They need to do something, but don’t know how. So, those are generic examples. To really know specifically what your audience is struggling with, you’ll need to do some research. Start by: Interviewing subject matter experts. Does someone in your company know a lot about your target audience (ideally through first-hand experience)? Talk to them. Survey your audience. Twitter polls and survey tools like SurveyMonkey make this relatively simple. Read industry publications. And make note of which topics they cover. You can learn a lot about what a particular audience considers to be a problem this way. Sell Benefits, Not Features Did you know the iPhone X uses an A11 bionic chip with 64-bit architecture? Probably not, because no one cares. You’re probably more that it: Takes awesome photos. Looks cool. Works better than your screen-shattered iPhone 5s. So, if you were writing an email to promote the newest iPhone (bear with us), what would you focus on: a dry list of features detailing technical specs, or the fact that people can turn their face into a cartoon animal? It turns out people really want to turn their face into a fox. You might double down on why that matters to customers, too: No other phone offers animoji. That’d be playing up the fear of missing out. It’s a status symbol. Apple products are well-made and attractively designed. It’s faster than an older iPhone. And that means doing literally anything with it will be easier. Features are important, but benefits are what sell. Show your audience why their life will be better with your product, and leave dry details to spec sheets and other supporting content. When writing copy, sell benefits, not features.Keep It Clear and Concise How long is perfect copy? As long as it needs to be. Most often, that’s not long at all. Now, there’s a real debate to be made over whether short or long copy sounds best. But, everyone can agree that excess  verbiage helps nothing. Take a moment to reexamine the examples listed earlier in this post. One thing they have in common? Tight, punchy sentences. Aim for no more than 20 words per sentence, and three to four sentences per paragraph. Writing email copy? Aim for no more than 20 words per sentence, and three to four sentences per...Use Words That Increase Open Rates †¦ Words matter. Especially when you have limited space. Check out this cheat sheet for terms proven to increase opens: Stick to One Clear Call-to-Action Ultimately, the goal of your email is to drive one specific action. If you try to direct your audience in too many directions, they’re more likely to get confused, or end up somewhere other than the one place you want them to visit most. Stay focused here. Recommended Reading: How to Write a Call to Action in a Template With 6 Examples Keep This Infographic Around For Reference This infographic from GrammarCheck is worth keeping handy: Step 1. Know Your Goal This can be broken down into two parts: What is your email about? What does your email need to achieve? The first question should be simple enough. Some things your email might cover include: Promoting a piece of content. Getting the word out about an event. Advertising a sale. Informing customers about new products. Second, understand what needs to happen as a result of sending your email: Increasing referral traffic to your site or blog. Driving event registrants. Selling more products. This is all standard stuff. But, it all informs how you write your email. Recommended Reading: The Best Way to Organize an Effective Email Marketing Strategy Step 2: Knock Out Your Subject Line Your initial success hinges on your subject line. It’s the first thing your recipient will see in their inbox. If it isn’t compelling, all your hard work writing and designing your email will be for nothing. No pressure or anything. So, make sure you get it right. This will require some trial and error, but having the right knowledge on your side will tilt the odds of success in your favor. Keep ‘Em Short Data shows that brief subject lines tend to perform best. Sure, this is based on averages of accumulated data, and doesn’t necessarily apply in all circumstances. But, generally speaking, it’s best to get to the point quickly here. According to ’s Head of Demand Generation, Nathan Ellering, the best-performing subject lines are just 17-24 characters long. That’s super short. It also places incredible weight on the value of each character and word you include. With that few characters, you probably won’t have more than three to five words to work with. Nathan’s research corroborates this: So, why does his research appear to show shorter = better? One plausible theory is because email clients on mobile phones only display a limited number of characters. In fact, iPhone users see 35-38 characters, while Samsung Galaxy owners see about 33 characters. It makes sense, then. If the most important or compelling part of your email is cut off, fewer people will click. So, keep your subject lines brief, and keep them action-oriented. Recommended Reading: Everything You Need to Know About Writing Awesome Email Subject Lines Write ‘Em in Title Case Writing email subject lines in sentence case, or even all in lowercase, might look and sound more conversational. And, as we’re often told, great copy should be conversational. That advice is timeless, and it isn’t wrong. But, when it comes to subject lines, data shows title case works best. Title Case Example: Do Small Dogs Bark Loudest? Sentence Case Example: Do small dogs bark loudest? Lower Case Example: do smaller dogs bark loudest? The difference isn’t extreme. But, a 4.2% gap over sentence-case, and 6.7% over all-lowercase, is significant. It could be that title case appears more professional, or at least, more in line with what people expect to see from a brand (versus friends or family). Writing in sentence or lowercase isn’t bound to kill your success rates. When in doubt, though, lean toward title case. Writing email subject lines? When in doubt, lean toward title case.Use Action-Driven Language You’re writing an email because you want people to do something. So, nudge readers to action right away. Try following this sentence structure: â€Å"Use [VERB] to [PERFORM ACTION] to [ACHIEVE BENEFIT].† Here’s what this might look like in practice: â€Å"Use to manage your marketing team and get organized.† That’s a basic example, but it forms the generic structure of a lot of sales writing. The key is to connect your product with an action and a benefit using an appropriate action verb. Incorporate Words Shown to Increase Opens Using these words won’t guarantee success. You’ll still have to, you know, write a good subject line. But, they’ll help: Use the Email Subject Line Tester Finally, how can marketers have some assurance their subject lines are strong? Use the Email Subject Line Tester. Start by entering your subject line: Then, get your score: Following that, you’ll see which words you’ve used that increase (and decrease) opens: Get an analysis of your case and number usage (stats and numbers help): Get tips on how to optimize your word and character count: And finally, see how your subject line might appear in an inbox: This tool is available both as a free webpage, and is built directly into . Writing Your Body Copy Now, finally, it’s time to buckle down on writing some actual email copy. Keep It Concise The general best practice for web writing is to keep sentences under 20 words, and paragraphs under three sentences. Those guidelines are good enough to pay attention to for email. Use Conversational Language Leave jargon to technical user manuals. Copywriting is all about creating a conversation with your customer. So, use language they’ll understand. Here’s a bad example: â€Å"The iPhone X uses a 5.8 in. Super Retina AMOLED display and a dual 12MP camera.† Both points are factually accurate and contribute to the phone’s quality. But, if we were going to push this in an email, it’d be better to use plain English to convey benefits first. Here’s a better example: â€Å"Make photos bigger, brighter, and better with the industry’s best smartphone camera.† Hear the difference? The first one is dry and factual. The second one conveys a clear benefit and appeals to the reader’s emotional need to have the best product possible (both for functional needs and status). Understand Message Match Whatever benefit or hook exists in your subject line, had better be blatantly clear in your body copy. There’s not much to understanding this. Just be sure that if your subject line tells people you’re going to offer them Benefit A, don’t switch it up with copy that pushes Benefit B instead. This post won’t offer examples outing anyone guilty of this, but it happens more often than you’d think. Writing Your Call to Action The success of your copy hinges on the call to action. It serves one purpose: to get people to do what you want. That could mean clicking through to reading content on your blog. Or registering for a course. Or directly buying a product. Whatever your goal may be, if your body copy serves up a pitch, the CTA hits it out of the park. A typical CTA will have two elements: A line of body copy. This is the text that directs people to the next step. A button or linked text. This is what people actually click to take the next step. Both are important and work in conjunction with one another. To write them well, keep the following in mind: Write short. A CTA should be punchy and brief. Use action verbs. If you want people to take an action, use words that imply action. The body communicates a benefit. The button informs action. Put both those items together, and you’ve got yourself a CTA. If this were a plain text email, linked text might replace using a button. Here are some hypothetical examples: Pre-order your iPhone X here. Find out where to get an iPhone X in your city. Get the iPhone X first. In this case, the functions of the body text and button may need to be rolled into one line. To get started, experiment with the words on this list: Putting It All Together: Writing Actual Email Copy You’ve seen plenty of examples, and you’ve got some basic copywriting advice. Now, let’s try putting it all together to write a hypothetical marketing email. For demonstration purposes, this next section will walk through writing an email for a fictional company called Mia’s Seed Supply. They’re promoting a seminar at their store to help farmers and growers improve their yields. Acknowledging the Problem The first thing to do is identify the problem. Why would someone want to go to this seminar, anyway? Here’s a few reasons: They’re struggling to get their plants to grow because their region is notorious for poor-quality soil. Unpredictable weather patterns make watering appropriately difficult. Some people are beginners and need help getting started. Start With the Subject Line For the purposes of writing this email, the next step is writing a subject line. Come up with at least two you can A/B test, and up to five if you’re writing for a client, and want to give them choices. If you're a user, you can do this directly in-app on any piece of email content you create: Remember, the subject line should be: Short. Three to five words, ideally. Get to the point. How much of the story can be told in under five words? Incorporate a number if possible. Stats and numbers help increase opens. Knowing this, here are some options Mia could go with: Get 300% Better Seed Growth (ESLT Score: 63 out of 100) Grow Plants 300% Easier (ESLT Score: 61 out of 100) Learn what to do about tough soil. (ESLT Score: 68 out of 100) Lead With a Problem or Relatable Situation Now, once you start writing your body copy, be sure to connect your intro to your subject line. Readers want to know that they didn’t get duped into a bait-and-switch. Here’s a basic opener: Planting seeds around here is, well, stressful. The soil conditions aren’t ideal. In fact, they’re awful. And this spring weather doesn’t do you any favors, either. If you’re just starting out, it’s enough to make you wonder, â€Å"Maybe gardening isn’t for   me.† This ties into real problems Mia’s customers face. Plus, it empathizes with how they’re feeling (frustrated). Then Offer a Solution With the pain point identified and agitated, it’s time to roll out the solution: Fortunately, you’re not the first gardener to feel that way (whew!) Even better, success is within your reach. Join us on April 30th at Mia’s Seed Supply for â€Å"How to Successful Grow Seeds in Tough Soil With No Experience.† You’ll learn exactly how to: Pick the best seeds for your garden conditions. Plan a smart watering schedule around unpredictable weather patterns. Make your growing season successful no matter your skill level. Plus, we’ll have free coffee and snacks (and you gotta get your coffee anyway, right?) In this section, Mia has now addressed her customer’s core concerns, communicated clear benefits, and even threw in an added bonus (free coffee is a powerful motivator). Add a Call to Action Finally, time for the closer. The call-to-action: BODY: Get your most growth this spring! BUTTON: Register Now There’s a benefit, and an action. That’s all there is to it! Managing Email Marketing Workflows With If you’re writing marketing emails, you’ll need to have a workflow. And you’ll need a platform to manage that workflow. Think about all the steps involved: Ideation and research Writing copy Handing off for coding and design Scheduling email delivery Plus, email is usually integrated with broader campaigns. So, what’s the best way to make sure workflow snafus don’t derail your creative copy’s success? Start by getting organized and managing email alongside every other piece of every other campaign. As an all-in-one marketing management platform, that’s something is built for. Select a day on your calendar, and then choose Email Marketing (enable this using content types  and make sure you’ve connected your email service provider): Then, choose your ESP. Currently, integrates with MailChimp, Campaign Monitor, Active Campaign, and Constant Contact (with more services to be added in the future): Then, apply a Task Template (a reusable and fully customizable workflow checklist): Here’s a hypothetical checklist an email copywriter could use: Write five subject lines. Craft email copy. Proof email copy. Hand off email for design. Stage email in ESP. Schedule delivery date and time. Then, as you’re working through your email, use Discussion Threads to manage communication with designers (if you’ll need graphics created for your email, or work with another team member to proof your copy): All through the process, your team will see the email on your marketing calendar (alongside every other project the team is responsible for): That’s the short version. If you’re looking for a free alternative to plan email in advance and manage your team, use the free email marketing calendar (Excel) included in this post. It’ll get you started in proactively planning, getting organized, and executing copy more effectively. Get Out There and Convert More Customers You’ve just absorbed a lot of info. So, here’s a recap: You understand the value of stressing benefits over features. People buy better versions of themselves, not features on a spec sheet. You can craft complete narratives efficiently. You don’t always have a lot of space to write in marketing emails. But, you now know how to fit everything you need, in logical order, into the space you have available. You understand the mechanics of email copywriting. From nailing your subject lines, to writing persuasive body copy, to crafting calls to action that convert, you have it all under your belt. Plus, you’ve got plenty of examples to help you emulate success, and all the tools you need to get organized and execute email copy projects. From here, it’s up to you to succeed. Practice makes perfect, and remember, like with all things related to email marketing, test everything. If your first effort fails, keep refining until results improve.

Cloning Devices Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Cloning Devices - Research Paper Example In this scenario, IBM compatible computers can be considered as an excellent example of computer cloning for the reason that they are a clones of IBM's original machines. In addition, the Compaq portable is known as the first IBM clone (TechTerms, 2013; Computer Hope, 2013). The history of the "cloning" can be traced back to mid-1980s when it was first used to define Windows-based or DOS (disk operating system) computers developed by organizations other than IBM. In this scenario, the machines developed by the third parties were referred to as "IBM compatible" or "IBM clones," computers. The reason for using the term clone to describe these computers was that these computers worked accurately in the same way as the ones developed by IBM Corporation. In fact, these machines ran the same software and used the same hardware as was used in their original versions. Additionally, PC clones are still useful and are built frequently. In addition, now the trend of making clones has attained t o an extensive growth and more than dozens of development firms have already working in this domain. For instance, some of the well-known firms such as Dell, HP, Gateway, Sony and Compaq as well as many other manufacturers all make Windows-based computers. In fact, the trend of using clones has also increased to a huge extent. For instance, PCs (personal computers) are actually used to refer to the IBM clones. Up till now, the concept of cloning was used in the context of hardware however the term "clone" can also be utilized to express software that is built for the same purpose as another more typical software program. In fact, the term cloning can be used for a variety of types such as electronic devices excluding computers that work similar to other electronics (TechTerms, 2013; The SCO Group, Inc., 2004). The research has shown that the development of a clone provides a variety of advantages. Some of the common uses of cloning are outlined below: Reinstatement of computer after a crash Without a doubt, a clone of boot drive is believed to be a critical tool for retrieval from a state that occurs due to a system crash or failure. If a person or a company does not develop a clone, then the recovery from a system crash or failure can take a lot of time (i.e. from a few hours to a few weeks), even though they have implemented a proper back up plan. Basically, the development of a bootable clone allows the company to clone a variety of bootable files which encompass programs (normally), system operating system, user settings, and a variety of updates, software customizations, passwords, and many more. Even though an organization has made sure that all its applications and programs are available on readily-available optical disc, they can still take days to load again, configure and update everything. On the other hand, if the firm or an individual has developed a latest bootable clone, it will require you only a few minutes to get your business or routine acti vities back on the track. Repair of previous operating system or programs after a failed upgrade There are many cases when an individual or an organization attempts to upgrade their operating system or major functions of some critical application and they go extremely off-center, and their computer may fail to perform critical operations. In many cases it happens due to inefficiency of a hardware component that is required to support an upgraded component